The ancient traditions of the 1^st Grenadiers Regiment are linked to the Guards Regiment constituted on 18^th April 1659 to serve the King of Sardinia. With the Sardinian Army the Regiment participated in several wars like the succession war of Spain (1701-1712), in Poland (1733-1735), in Austria (1742-1748), the First War of Independence (1848-1849), the War of Crimea (1855-1856) and the Second War of Independence (1860-1861).

It also followed the operational cycles of the Italian Army: the repression of Brigandage (1861-1865), the unfortunate Third War of Independence in 1866, Eritrea (1895-1897), Libya (1911-1912), the First World War with the episode of Mount Cengio in 1916, eastern Africa (1935-1936), the Second World War at the Alpine front (1940), in the Balkans (between 1941 and 1942), Russia and Tunisia (1942-1943).

The Regiment was dissolved after the violent battles in Rome between 8^th and 10^th September 1943. After having been reconstituted in Iglesias, Sardinia, on 15^th May 1944, a battalion of the "Friuli" Combat Group participated in the War of Liberation.

The Regiment was reconstituted on 1^st July 1946 in Rome where it still has its headquarters.