Rank insignia
The insignia of rank indicate the place occupied in the military hierarchy by those who wear them.
To indicate a specific function or temporary assignment, some elements may have a special red/black border line.
Rank insignia can have two different versions, depending on whether they are placed on ceremonial uniforms or other dress ensembles.
In both cases, the number of "stars" o bars combined with other symbols, like a tower or a superimposed bar, indicate the hierarchical level of the wearer.
Career advancements are shown by the increased number of stars or bars.
Caps have various types of rank insignia, including a wide range of bars and chin straps and a large choice of piping of different shape and width.
Rank insignia worn on shoulder loops and epaulettes are made of metal or plastic, those worn on ceremonial uniforms are embroidered or plastic. They are directly applied to shoulder loops,on special epaulettes, on rectangular fabric supports or on the sleeves of ceremonial uniforms.
Private
Seargent Major
Alpine NCO
Alpine Major
Alpine NCO
NCO
NCO
NCO
Lieautenent
Major
Major General
2nd Lieautenent
Lieautenent Colonel (Battalion commander)
Colonel
Colonel (Brigadier General Task)
General